GB 13014-91 钢筋混凝土用余热处理钢筋 英文版
1 Subject Content and Application scope
1.1 Subject content
This national standard specifies the code name, dimension, shape, weight, specifications, testing method, test rules, packaging, and quality certificate of remained heat treatment ribbed steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete.
1.2 Application scope
This national standard is applicable to the remained heat treatment ribbed steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete.
This national standard is inapplicable to the secondary steel bar re-rolled by final steel product.
2 Reference Standards
GB 222 Method of Sampling Steel for Determination of Chemical Composition and Permissible Variations for Product Analysis
GB 223 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy
GB 228 Metal Tensile Test
GB 232 Test Method of Bend of Metal
GB 1499 Hot Rolled Ribbed Steel Bars for The Reinforcement of Concrete
GB 2101 General Rule of Acceptance, Package, Mark and Certification for Profile Steel
3 Terms, Grades, and Code Names
3.1 Terms
3.1.1 Remained heat treatment of ribbed steel bars
It indicates applying water cooling process to the steel bar surface after hot rolling of it, then forging the final steel product through tempering treatment with core remained heat.
2008/10/30
GB 50026-2007 工程测量规范 英文版
GB 50026-2007 工程测量规范 英文版
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 For the purpose of unifying technical specifications of engineering survey, and thus make the survey utilize state-of-art technology and realize economic feasibility, ensure a reliable quality and safe application, this national standard is established hereby.
1.0.2 This national standard is applicable to general surveying work in engineering construction.
1.0.3 This national standard takes quadratic mean error as the standard in judging the plotting accuracy and two times the quadratic mean error is taken as the limit error. For projects with higher accuracy requirement, method in Annex A can be used in evaluating the observation accuracy.
Note: Quadratic mean error, closing error, tolerance and comparative difference, other than specified additionally, they shall all be expressed with variation of sign.
1.0.4 Instruments and related devices used in the engineering survey shall be checked and rectified timely, and maintenance shall be reinforced. Prophylactic repair is required.
1.0.5 Quoted measurement sources in the project shall be examined.
1.0.6 For all kinds of surveying work, not only the requirements stipulated in this standard (code), but also those in the current relevant ones of the nation shall be complied with.
2. Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Satellite positioning
Determine the relative position of corresponding points on the surface by using two or more receivers to receive the signals of many position location satellites simultaneously.
2.1.2 Satellite positioning control network
Control Network established by using satellite positioning technology.
2.1.3 Triangular network
Control network formed by a chain of connected triangles. It is a general designation for the previously triangulation network, trilateration network and rim angle.
2.1.4 Triangular network survey
Method to determine the positions of control points through determining the horizontal angle of vertex, length of the sides of each triangle in the triangular network. It is a general designation for the previously triangulation, trilateration survey and triangulateration.
2.1.5 2″class instrument
2" class instrument refers to angular instrument with one measuring-process nominal quadratic mean error in horizontal direction as 2″, including total station instrument, electronic theodolite, and micrometer instrument. Definition methods for 1" class instrument and 6 "class instrument are similar.
2.1.6 5mm class instrument
5mm class instrument refers to instruments with ranging quadratic mean error as 5mm calculated by electrotape nominal accuracy equation when the range measurement is 1km, including range finder and total station instrument. Definition methods for 1mm class instrument and 10mm class instrument are similar.
2.1.7 .Digital topographic map
Topographic map stored in computer data format, made by computer based on terrain intelligence, certain rules and methods.
2.1.8 Paper topographic map
Orthograph that illustrates terrain intelligence with symbols, annotations and contour lines on paper or melinex
2.1.9 Deformation monitoring
The process of monitoring building (structure) and its foundation, foundation pit or displacement, settlement, inclination, flexivity, crack of rock mass or soil body in certain scope and related influencing factors (like underground water, temperature, stress-strain, etc.) and provide the prediction for deformation analysis.
2.2 Symbols
A--GPS Nominal fixed error of the receiver;
α——Nominal fixed error of electrotape;
B——Nominal ratio error coefficient of GPS receiver; width of tunnel excavation surface;
b——Nominal ratio error coefficient of electrotape;
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 For the purpose of unifying technical specifications of engineering survey, and thus make the survey utilize state-of-art technology and realize economic feasibility, ensure a reliable quality and safe application, this national standard is established hereby.
1.0.2 This national standard is applicable to general surveying work in engineering construction.
1.0.3 This national standard takes quadratic mean error as the standard in judging the plotting accuracy and two times the quadratic mean error is taken as the limit error. For projects with higher accuracy requirement, method in Annex A can be used in evaluating the observation accuracy.
Note: Quadratic mean error, closing error, tolerance and comparative difference, other than specified additionally, they shall all be expressed with variation of sign.
1.0.4 Instruments and related devices used in the engineering survey shall be checked and rectified timely, and maintenance shall be reinforced. Prophylactic repair is required.
1.0.5 Quoted measurement sources in the project shall be examined.
1.0.6 For all kinds of surveying work, not only the requirements stipulated in this standard (code), but also those in the current relevant ones of the nation shall be complied with.
2. Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Satellite positioning
Determine the relative position of corresponding points on the surface by using two or more receivers to receive the signals of many position location satellites simultaneously.
2.1.2 Satellite positioning control network
Control Network established by using satellite positioning technology.
2.1.3 Triangular network
Control network formed by a chain of connected triangles. It is a general designation for the previously triangulation network, trilateration network and rim angle.
2.1.4 Triangular network survey
Method to determine the positions of control points through determining the horizontal angle of vertex, length of the sides of each triangle in the triangular network. It is a general designation for the previously triangulation, trilateration survey and triangulateration.
2.1.5 2″class instrument
2" class instrument refers to angular instrument with one measuring-process nominal quadratic mean error in horizontal direction as 2″, including total station instrument, electronic theodolite, and micrometer instrument. Definition methods for 1" class instrument and 6 "class instrument are similar.
2.1.6 5mm class instrument
5mm class instrument refers to instruments with ranging quadratic mean error as 5mm calculated by electrotape nominal accuracy equation when the range measurement is 1km, including range finder and total station instrument. Definition methods for 1mm class instrument and 10mm class instrument are similar.
2.1.7 .Digital topographic map
Topographic map stored in computer data format, made by computer based on terrain intelligence, certain rules and methods.
2.1.8 Paper topographic map
Orthograph that illustrates terrain intelligence with symbols, annotations and contour lines on paper or melinex
2.1.9 Deformation monitoring
The process of monitoring building (structure) and its foundation, foundation pit or displacement, settlement, inclination, flexivity, crack of rock mass or soil body in certain scope and related influencing factors (like underground water, temperature, stress-strain, etc.) and provide the prediction for deformation analysis.
2.2 Symbols
A--GPS Nominal fixed error of the receiver;
α——Nominal fixed error of electrotape;
B——Nominal ratio error coefficient of GPS receiver; width of tunnel excavation surface;
b——Nominal ratio error coefficient of electrotape;
GB 50046-1995 工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范 英文版
GB 50046-1995 工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范 英文版
1 General Provision
1.0.1 This code is formulated to prevent or reduce corrosion of corrosive medium to building and structure, and make anticorrosion design of industrial construction achieve state-of-art technology, economical rationality, safety and suitability and guarantee quality.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to anticorrosion design of industrial building and structure under action of corrosive medium; and it is not applicable to corrosion caused by stray current.
1.0.3 Anticorrosion design of building shall keep prevention first, comprehensively consider anticorrosion measures according to corrosiveness, ambient condition, production, operation, control level and repair condition, through adjusting measures to local conditions and carrying out different measures for difference. Protection shall be strengthened for location has great influence to production, locations endanger personal safety and difficult to be repaired, as well as important supporting member.
1.0.4 Not only the requirements about anticorrosion design of building stipulated in this code, but also those in current relevant ones of the nation shall be complied with.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Corrosiveness classification
According to damage extent of corrosive medium brings to constructional material, such as appearance change, weight change, loss in strength, corrosion velocity and other factors; and make an overall evaluation on corrosiveness level and divide into four levels: strong corrosion, medium corrosion, weak corrosion, and non-corrosion.
2.0.2 Corrosive water
It refers to water that contains negative and positive ion that have corrosive action on constructional material.
2.0.3 Contaminated soil
It refers to soil whose original physical mechanical property and chemical property change owing to action of corrosive medium.
2.0.4 Slightly soluble medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose solubility in water is less than 2g/l when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.5 Soluble medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose solubility in water is equal to or about 2g/l when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.6 Slightly hygroscopic medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose relative equilibrium humidity is equal to or about 60% when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.7 Hygroscopic medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose relative equilibrium humidity is less than 60% when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.8 Inhibitor of steel in concrete
It refers to additive blended into concrete for preventing or slowing down corrosion of reinforcing steel.
2.0.9 Glass-flake mastic resin
It refers to a kind of blending stock that taking resin as cementing agent, added glass flake and powder lot and used for scraping construction.
3 Basic requirements
1 General Provision
1.0.1 This code is formulated to prevent or reduce corrosion of corrosive medium to building and structure, and make anticorrosion design of industrial construction achieve state-of-art technology, economical rationality, safety and suitability and guarantee quality.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to anticorrosion design of industrial building and structure under action of corrosive medium; and it is not applicable to corrosion caused by stray current.
1.0.3 Anticorrosion design of building shall keep prevention first, comprehensively consider anticorrosion measures according to corrosiveness, ambient condition, production, operation, control level and repair condition, through adjusting measures to local conditions and carrying out different measures for difference. Protection shall be strengthened for location has great influence to production, locations endanger personal safety and difficult to be repaired, as well as important supporting member.
1.0.4 Not only the requirements about anticorrosion design of building stipulated in this code, but also those in current relevant ones of the nation shall be complied with.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Corrosiveness classification
According to damage extent of corrosive medium brings to constructional material, such as appearance change, weight change, loss in strength, corrosion velocity and other factors; and make an overall evaluation on corrosiveness level and divide into four levels: strong corrosion, medium corrosion, weak corrosion, and non-corrosion.
2.0.2 Corrosive water
It refers to water that contains negative and positive ion that have corrosive action on constructional material.
2.0.3 Contaminated soil
It refers to soil whose original physical mechanical property and chemical property change owing to action of corrosive medium.
2.0.4 Slightly soluble medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose solubility in water is less than 2g/l when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.5 Soluble medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose solubility in water is equal to or about 2g/l when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.6 Slightly hygroscopic medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose relative equilibrium humidity is equal to or about 60% when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.7 Hygroscopic medium
It refers to alkali and salts medium whose relative equilibrium humidity is less than 60% when at temperature of 20℃.
2.0.8 Inhibitor of steel in concrete
It refers to additive blended into concrete for preventing or slowing down corrosion of reinforcing steel.
2.0.9 Glass-flake mastic resin
It refers to a kind of blending stock that taking resin as cementing agent, added glass flake and powder lot and used for scraping construction.
3 Basic requirements
GB 50050-2007 工业循环冷却水处理设计规范 英文版
GB 50050-2007 工业循环冷却水处理设计规范 英文版 1. General Provision
1.0.1 The code is formulated to implement national water resources saving and environment protection policies, promote the cyclic utilization of industrial cooling water and the sewage reclamations, effectively control and reduce all sorts of harms caused by re-circulated cooling water, guarantee the recuperation efficiency and service life of equipments, decrease the water pollution and enable the industrial cycle cooling water treatment to be state-of-art, economical and practical, and secure and stable.
1.0.2 This code is applied to newly-built, expanded and re-built re-circulated cooling water treatment designs which adopt surface water, groundwater and reuse water as make-up water.
1.0.3 Industrial cooling water treatment design should correspond with demands such as production safety, environment protection, energy conservation and water saving, and is facilitated to carry out construction, maintenance and operation management.
1.0.4 Industrial cycle cooling water treatment design should introduce state-of-art productive practice experience and scientific payoffs and adopt new technique positively and prudently.
1.0.5 Industrial cycle cooling water treatment designs should correspond with relative national current standards and specifications, besides this code.
2. Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Recirculating Cooling Water System
A water-feed system that water circulates as cooling medium, and consist of heat-exchange equipment, cooling equipment, processing facility, water pump, pipe and other relative facilities.
2.1.2 Indirect Open Recirculating Cooling Water System
A circulating cooling water system that the heat is transferred between circulating cooling water and cooling medium cooled, and recirculating cooling water contacts with the atmosphere directly.
2.1.3 Indirect Closed Recirculating Cooling Water System
A circulating cooling water system that the heat is transferred between circulating cooling water and cooling medium cooled indirectly as well as between circulating cooling water and cooling medium.
2.1.4 Totally Closed System
An indirect closed recirculating cooling water system that its circulating cooling water doesn't contact with the atmosphere.
2.1.5 Semi Closed System
An indirect closed recirculating cooling water system that it’s circulating cooling water contacts with the atmosphere partially.
2.1.6 Direct Open Recirculating Cooling Water System (Direct Open Recirculating Cooling)
A circulating cooling water system that the heat is transferred between circulating cooling water and cooling medium cooled, and recirculating cooling water contacts with the atmosphere directly.
2.1.7 Open System
A general term for indirect cooling open system and direct cooling system.
2.1.8 Chemicals
All sorts of chemicals used in treatment process of circulating cooling water.
2.1.9 Count of Aerobic Heterotrophic Bacteria
The heterotrophic bacteria amount per milliliter water counted through Total Bacterial Plate Count, unit (Entry/ml).
2.1.10 Slime
Viscous substances which is mixed of microbes and mucous excretion, and other organic and inorganic impurities.
2.1.11 Slime Content
Slime volume contained in circulating cooling water, measured through biological filtration, unit (mL/ ).
1.0.1 The code is formulated to implement national water resources saving and environment protection policies, promote the cyclic utilization of industrial cooling water and the sewage reclamations, effectively control and reduce all sorts of harms caused by re-circulated cooling water, guarantee the recuperation efficiency and service life of equipments, decrease the water pollution and enable the industrial cycle cooling water treatment to be state-of-art, economical and practical, and secure and stable.
1.0.2 This code is applied to newly-built, expanded and re-built re-circulated cooling water treatment designs which adopt surface water, groundwater and reuse water as make-up water.
1.0.3 Industrial cooling water treatment design should correspond with demands such as production safety, environment protection, energy conservation and water saving, and is facilitated to carry out construction, maintenance and operation management.
1.0.4 Industrial cycle cooling water treatment design should introduce state-of-art productive practice experience and scientific payoffs and adopt new technique positively and prudently.
1.0.5 Industrial cycle cooling water treatment designs should correspond with relative national current standards and specifications, besides this code.
2. Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Recirculating Cooling Water System
A water-feed system that water circulates as cooling medium, and consist of heat-exchange equipment, cooling equipment, processing facility, water pump, pipe and other relative facilities.
2.1.2 Indirect Open Recirculating Cooling Water System
A circulating cooling water system that the heat is transferred between circulating cooling water and cooling medium cooled, and recirculating cooling water contacts with the atmosphere directly.
2.1.3 Indirect Closed Recirculating Cooling Water System
A circulating cooling water system that the heat is transferred between circulating cooling water and cooling medium cooled indirectly as well as between circulating cooling water and cooling medium.
2.1.4 Totally Closed System
An indirect closed recirculating cooling water system that its circulating cooling water doesn't contact with the atmosphere.
2.1.5 Semi Closed System
An indirect closed recirculating cooling water system that it’s circulating cooling water contacts with the atmosphere partially.
2.1.6 Direct Open Recirculating Cooling Water System (Direct Open Recirculating Cooling)
A circulating cooling water system that the heat is transferred between circulating cooling water and cooling medium cooled, and recirculating cooling water contacts with the atmosphere directly.
2.1.7 Open System
A general term for indirect cooling open system and direct cooling system.
2.1.8 Chemicals
All sorts of chemicals used in treatment process of circulating cooling water.
2.1.9 Count of Aerobic Heterotrophic Bacteria
The heterotrophic bacteria amount per milliliter water counted through Total Bacterial Plate Count, unit (Entry/ml).
2.1.10 Slime
Viscous substances which is mixed of microbes and mucous excretion, and other organic and inorganic impurities.
2.1.11 Slime Content
Slime volume contained in circulating cooling water, measured through biological filtration, unit (mL/ ).
GB 50183-2004 石油天然气工程设计防火规范 英文版
GB 50183-2004 石油天然气工程设计防火规范 英文版
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This Code is formulated for the purposes of following out "prevention first, incorporation of both prevention and elimination" guidelines, standardizing design requirements, prevent and decrease fire losses, guarantee personal and property safety in the petroleum and gas engineering designs.
1.0.2 This Code is applicable to the fire design for newly-built, expanded and reconstructed onshore oil-gas field projects, pipeline station projects, as well as the offshore oil-gas field's land terminal projects.
1.0.3 The fire design of the petroleum and gas projects must be compliant to the relevant guidelines, policies. Combining the practices, it's shall exactly deal with the relation between production and safety, positively adopts state-of-the-art fireproofing and fire-extinguishing technologies, ensure safe production and cost-effectiveness.
1.0.4 Besides the provisions of this Code, the fire design of petroleum and gas projects also must be compliant to the relevant compulsive standards.
2. Terminology
2.1 Terminologies of oil, gas and fire hazard
2.1.1 Oil
It refers to crude oil, petroleum products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and naphtha, etc.), stabilized light hydrocarbon and stabilized condensate.
2.1.2 Crude oil
It refers to the liquid compound produced from the oil well, giving priority to hydrocarbon.
2.1.3 Natural gas liquid (NGL)
It's the generic term of liquid hydrocarbon compounds recovered from the natural gas but not passed through stabilizing treatment, generally including ethane, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and stabilized light hydrocarbon. It's also named as mixed light hydrocarbon.
2.1.4 liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
It's in the gaseous state under normal temperature and pressure but becomes liquid after compression or cooling. It's mainly consisted of propane, butane and their compounds.
2.1.5 Stabilized light hydrocarbon
It's abstracted from natural gas liquid (NGL) and is mainly consisted of pentane and other heavier hydrocarbon, the end boiling point shall not be higher than 190℃, under the specified vapor pressure, it allows including a little butane. It's also named as natural gasoline.
2.1.6 Gas condensate
It refers to the hydrocarbon liquid abstracted from the condensate gas but not stabilized.
2.1.7 stabilized gas condensate
It's abstracted from the gas condensate and is mainly consisted of pentane and the other heavier hydrocarbon.
2.1.8 Liquefied natural gas (LNG))
It refers to the liquid fluid consisted of methane, together with little ethane, propane, nitrogen and other components.
2.1.9 Boil over
It refers to the water-bearing oil that has heat wave characteristics in combustion, such as crude oil, petroleum residue and heavy oil.
2.2 Terminologies of fire-fighting cooling water and fire-extinguishing system
2.2.1 Fixed fire-fighting cooling water system
It refers to the fire-fighting cooling water system consisted of fixed fire-water pond (tank), fire pump, fire water supply pipeline and fixed cooling water spray system equipped on the storage tank.
2.2.2 Semi-fixed fire-fighting cooling water system
The fixed fire water supply pipeline and hydrants are set up in the tank farm, in case of fire, the water will be pressurized by fire truck or fire pump to spray by the means of water bands and water guns.
2.2.3 Mobile fire-fighting cooling water system
No fire water source is set up in the tank farm, in case of fire, the water will be supplied by fire truck or other water sources to spray by the means of onboard water bands and water guns.
2.2.4 Low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
It refers to the foam extinguishing system whose expansion factor is less than 20 times.
2.2.5 Fixed low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
It refers to the low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system consisted of fixed foam fire pump, foam proportioner, foam mixing solution pipeline and the fixed air-foam generator equipped on the storage tank.
2.2.6 Semi-fixed low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
Fixed air-foam generator is set up on the storage tank, in case of fire, the foam truck or motor pump will supply foam mixing solution through hoses.
2.2.7 Mobile low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
In case of fire, the foam truck will provide foam through onboard hoses and foam generators.
2.2.8 Smoke fire-extinguishing system
It's consisted of smoke generator, detection and initiating device and the sprayers. in case of fire, it can automatically inject fire-extinguishing smoke to the storage tank.
2.2.9 Dry powder fire-extinguishing system
It's consisted of dry powder storage device, actuating device, pipeline, sprayer, fire alarm and interlink control device, it can automatically or manually inject powder extinguishing agents to the protected objects.
2.3 Terminologies of oil gas production facilities
2.3.1 Petroleum and gas station
It's a general designation for the station, storage, plant, farm, oil and gas well that can collect, purify, store and transport petroleum and gases. It's called petroleum and gas station or station for short.
2.3.2 Oil station
It refers to the stations that have crude oil collection, purifying treatment, storage and transportation functions, or that storage and transportation of natural gasoline and stabilized gas condensate, or that have product oil pipeline transportation functions.
2.3.3 Natural gas station
It refers to the station that has natural gas collection, transportation and purifying treatment functions.
2.3.4 LPG and NGL station
It refers to the stations that have production, storage and transportation functions for LPG, NGL and gas condensate.
2.3.5 Liquefied natural gas (LNG) station
It refers to the station that is designed to store LNG, and can process, liquefy or gasify natural gas.
2.3.6 A group of tanks
It refers to the storage tank unit consisted of one or more tanks, enclosed by a closed dike.
2.3.7 Tank farm
It refers to the tank storage area consisted of one or more groups of tanks.
2.3.8 Internal floating roof tank with shallow plate
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This Code is formulated for the purposes of following out "prevention first, incorporation of both prevention and elimination" guidelines, standardizing design requirements, prevent and decrease fire losses, guarantee personal and property safety in the petroleum and gas engineering designs.
1.0.2 This Code is applicable to the fire design for newly-built, expanded and reconstructed onshore oil-gas field projects, pipeline station projects, as well as the offshore oil-gas field's land terminal projects.
1.0.3 The fire design of the petroleum and gas projects must be compliant to the relevant guidelines, policies. Combining the practices, it's shall exactly deal with the relation between production and safety, positively adopts state-of-the-art fireproofing and fire-extinguishing technologies, ensure safe production and cost-effectiveness.
1.0.4 Besides the provisions of this Code, the fire design of petroleum and gas projects also must be compliant to the relevant compulsive standards.
2. Terminology
2.1 Terminologies of oil, gas and fire hazard
2.1.1 Oil
It refers to crude oil, petroleum products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and naphtha, etc.), stabilized light hydrocarbon and stabilized condensate.
2.1.2 Crude oil
It refers to the liquid compound produced from the oil well, giving priority to hydrocarbon.
2.1.3 Natural gas liquid (NGL)
It's the generic term of liquid hydrocarbon compounds recovered from the natural gas but not passed through stabilizing treatment, generally including ethane, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and stabilized light hydrocarbon. It's also named as mixed light hydrocarbon.
2.1.4 liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
It's in the gaseous state under normal temperature and pressure but becomes liquid after compression or cooling. It's mainly consisted of propane, butane and their compounds.
2.1.5 Stabilized light hydrocarbon
It's abstracted from natural gas liquid (NGL) and is mainly consisted of pentane and other heavier hydrocarbon, the end boiling point shall not be higher than 190℃, under the specified vapor pressure, it allows including a little butane. It's also named as natural gasoline.
2.1.6 Gas condensate
It refers to the hydrocarbon liquid abstracted from the condensate gas but not stabilized.
2.1.7 stabilized gas condensate
It's abstracted from the gas condensate and is mainly consisted of pentane and the other heavier hydrocarbon.
2.1.8 Liquefied natural gas (LNG))
It refers to the liquid fluid consisted of methane, together with little ethane, propane, nitrogen and other components.
2.1.9 Boil over
It refers to the water-bearing oil that has heat wave characteristics in combustion, such as crude oil, petroleum residue and heavy oil.
2.2 Terminologies of fire-fighting cooling water and fire-extinguishing system
2.2.1 Fixed fire-fighting cooling water system
It refers to the fire-fighting cooling water system consisted of fixed fire-water pond (tank), fire pump, fire water supply pipeline and fixed cooling water spray system equipped on the storage tank.
2.2.2 Semi-fixed fire-fighting cooling water system
The fixed fire water supply pipeline and hydrants are set up in the tank farm, in case of fire, the water will be pressurized by fire truck or fire pump to spray by the means of water bands and water guns.
2.2.3 Mobile fire-fighting cooling water system
No fire water source is set up in the tank farm, in case of fire, the water will be supplied by fire truck or other water sources to spray by the means of onboard water bands and water guns.
2.2.4 Low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
It refers to the foam extinguishing system whose expansion factor is less than 20 times.
2.2.5 Fixed low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
It refers to the low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system consisted of fixed foam fire pump, foam proportioner, foam mixing solution pipeline and the fixed air-foam generator equipped on the storage tank.
2.2.6 Semi-fixed low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
Fixed air-foam generator is set up on the storage tank, in case of fire, the foam truck or motor pump will supply foam mixing solution through hoses.
2.2.7 Mobile low expansion foam fire-extinguishing system
In case of fire, the foam truck will provide foam through onboard hoses and foam generators.
2.2.8 Smoke fire-extinguishing system
It's consisted of smoke generator, detection and initiating device and the sprayers. in case of fire, it can automatically inject fire-extinguishing smoke to the storage tank.
2.2.9 Dry powder fire-extinguishing system
It's consisted of dry powder storage device, actuating device, pipeline, sprayer, fire alarm and interlink control device, it can automatically or manually inject powder extinguishing agents to the protected objects.
2.3 Terminologies of oil gas production facilities
2.3.1 Petroleum and gas station
It's a general designation for the station, storage, plant, farm, oil and gas well that can collect, purify, store and transport petroleum and gases. It's called petroleum and gas station or station for short.
2.3.2 Oil station
It refers to the stations that have crude oil collection, purifying treatment, storage and transportation functions, or that storage and transportation of natural gasoline and stabilized gas condensate, or that have product oil pipeline transportation functions.
2.3.3 Natural gas station
It refers to the station that has natural gas collection, transportation and purifying treatment functions.
2.3.4 LPG and NGL station
It refers to the stations that have production, storage and transportation functions for LPG, NGL and gas condensate.
2.3.5 Liquefied natural gas (LNG) station
It refers to the station that is designed to store LNG, and can process, liquefy or gasify natural gas.
2.3.6 A group of tanks
It refers to the storage tank unit consisted of one or more tanks, enclosed by a closed dike.
2.3.7 Tank farm
It refers to the tank storage area consisted of one or more groups of tanks.
2.3.8 Internal floating roof tank with shallow plate
GB 50185-1993工业设备及管道绝热工程 质量检验评定标准
GB 50185-1993工业设备及管道绝热工程 质量检验评定标准 英文版
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This standard is established to unify the inspection and evaluation methods of the thermal-insulating engineering quality of industrial equipment and pipelines, strengthen the technical management of the enterprise and ensure the engineering quality.
1.0.2 This Standard is applicable to the inspection and assessment of the external thermal insulating engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines with the media temperature greater than or equal to -196℃ and less than or equal to +850℃.
1.0.3 Main indicators and provisions in this standard are made according to the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Equipment and Pipeline Insulation Engineering (GBJ126-89) (hereinafter referred to as The Code).
1.0.4 Quality inspection work stated in this Standard shall be carried out in the construction process. The quality assessment work shall be carried out after the completion of the subdivisional work of the thermal insulation.
1.0.5 This Standard shall be applied combining with the current Unified Standard for Quality Inspection and Assessment of Industrial Erection Engineering.
1.0.6 The inspection and assessment of the thermal insulation engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines shall meet relevant provisions in the current national standards besides this Standard.
2. Terms
2.0.1 Guarantee Items
Testing items that have dominating influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.2 Elementary Items
Testing items that have important influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.3 Deviation-permissible Items
Testing items that permit the existence of check points to be out of tolerance within the proportion range stated in this standard during the detection, but can also meet requirements on the project security and functions of use.
2.0.4 Repair Project
Projects that haven't been on the side of reworking and can meet requirements on the conformity after the repair.
2.0.5 Site Sampling Inspection
The sampling inspection carried out on the materials, semi-finished products of the materials or the thermal insulating structures that have been constructed.
2.0.6 Visual Check
The check to judge whether the checked objects have met provisions in the standard by the visual feeling of human and combining the practice.
2.0.7 Hand Check
Checks to find the fastness degree of the hooked nails, dowels and workpieces by breaking them off with fingers and thumbs.
2.0.8 Hammer Test
The test carried out to check the fastness degree between the welding positions of the backup pieces and other interconnecting pieces and the workpieces by the 0.25kg hand hammers' kicking.
2.0.9 Hand-power Check
The checks to make sure the compaction of the thermal insulating ropes and tapes that are enwound or packed by the hand power.
2.0.10 Needling Check
Checks by the straight needles with the length greater than the thickness of the thermal insulating layers to check the thickness of the heat insulating layers.
2.0.11 Stick Check
Checks to find out whether there is clearance in the filling thermal insulating layer according to the sound by the wood stick knocking the external protective layer.
2.0.12 Installation Volume Weight
The actual volume weight (kg/m3) after the construction of the thermal insulating layer.
2.0.13 Anti-settling Layer
The load-carrying members installed according to certain spacing and made from the hard thermal insulating products when the thermal insulating layers are filled on the vertical-type equipment or the vertical pipelines.
2.0.14 Inner Lining Thermal Insulating Layer
In the dismountable structures, the thermal insulating layer clinging to the metal protective shell.
2.0.15 Cold Condition
The physical conditions that the thermal insulation structures haven't been put into use.
2.0.16 Drying Shrinkage
The degree of the dimensional change of the viscous materials in the air without any action from the external force and due to the evaporation of water.
2.0.17 Plasticity
The physical property of the viscous materials that have their shapes changed but not fracture under the action of the external force and that can't be restored to the original shape when the external force is removed.
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This standard is established to unify the inspection and evaluation methods of the thermal-insulating engineering quality of industrial equipment and pipelines, strengthen the technical management of the enterprise and ensure the engineering quality.
1.0.2 This Standard is applicable to the inspection and assessment of the external thermal insulating engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines with the media temperature greater than or equal to -196℃ and less than or equal to +850℃.
1.0.3 Main indicators and provisions in this standard are made according to the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Equipment and Pipeline Insulation Engineering (GBJ126-89) (hereinafter referred to as The Code).
1.0.4 Quality inspection work stated in this Standard shall be carried out in the construction process. The quality assessment work shall be carried out after the completion of the subdivisional work of the thermal insulation.
1.0.5 This Standard shall be applied combining with the current Unified Standard for Quality Inspection and Assessment of Industrial Erection Engineering.
1.0.6 The inspection and assessment of the thermal insulation engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines shall meet relevant provisions in the current national standards besides this Standard.
2. Terms
2.0.1 Guarantee Items
Testing items that have dominating influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.2 Elementary Items
Testing items that have important influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.3 Deviation-permissible Items
Testing items that permit the existence of check points to be out of tolerance within the proportion range stated in this standard during the detection, but can also meet requirements on the project security and functions of use.
2.0.4 Repair Project
Projects that haven't been on the side of reworking and can meet requirements on the conformity after the repair.
2.0.5 Site Sampling Inspection
The sampling inspection carried out on the materials, semi-finished products of the materials or the thermal insulating structures that have been constructed.
2.0.6 Visual Check
The check to judge whether the checked objects have met provisions in the standard by the visual feeling of human and combining the practice.
2.0.7 Hand Check
Checks to find the fastness degree of the hooked nails, dowels and workpieces by breaking them off with fingers and thumbs.
2.0.8 Hammer Test
The test carried out to check the fastness degree between the welding positions of the backup pieces and other interconnecting pieces and the workpieces by the 0.25kg hand hammers' kicking.
2.0.9 Hand-power Check
The checks to make sure the compaction of the thermal insulating ropes and tapes that are enwound or packed by the hand power.
2.0.10 Needling Check
Checks by the straight needles with the length greater than the thickness of the thermal insulating layers to check the thickness of the heat insulating layers.
2.0.11 Stick Check
Checks to find out whether there is clearance in the filling thermal insulating layer according to the sound by the wood stick knocking the external protective layer.
2.0.12 Installation Volume Weight
The actual volume weight (kg/m3) after the construction of the thermal insulating layer.
2.0.13 Anti-settling Layer
The load-carrying members installed according to certain spacing and made from the hard thermal insulating products when the thermal insulating layers are filled on the vertical-type equipment or the vertical pipelines.
2.0.14 Inner Lining Thermal Insulating Layer
In the dismountable structures, the thermal insulating layer clinging to the metal protective shell.
2.0.15 Cold Condition
The physical conditions that the thermal insulation structures haven't been put into use.
2.0.16 Drying Shrinkage
The degree of the dimensional change of the viscous materials in the air without any action from the external force and due to the evaporation of water.
2.0.17 Plasticity
The physical property of the viscous materials that have their shapes changed but not fracture under the action of the external force and that can't be restored to the original shape when the external force is removed.
GB 50185-1993工业设备及管道绝热工程 质量检验评定标准
GB 50185-1993工业设备及管道绝热工程 质量检验评定标准 英文版
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This standard is established to unify the inspection and evaluation methods of the thermal-insulating engineering quality of industrial equipment and pipelines, strengthen the technical management of the enterprise and ensure the engineering quality.
1.0.2 This Standard is applicable to the inspection and assessment of the external thermal insulating engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines with the media temperature greater than or equal to -196℃ and less than or equal to +850℃.
1.0.3 Main indicators and provisions in this standard are made according to the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Equipment and Pipeline Insulation Engineering (GBJ126-89) (hereinafter referred to as The Code).
1.0.4 Quality inspection work stated in this Standard shall be carried out in the construction process. The quality assessment work shall be carried out after the completion of the subdivisional work of the thermal insulation.
1.0.5 This Standard shall be applied combining with the current Unified Standard for Quality Inspection and Assessment of Industrial Erection Engineering.
1.0.6 The inspection and assessment of the thermal insulation engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines shall meet relevant provisions in the current national standards besides this Standard.
2. Terms
2.0.1 Guarantee Items
Testing items that have dominating influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.2 Elementary Items
Testing items that have important influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.3 Deviation-permissible Items
Testing items that permit the existence of check points to be out of tolerance within the proportion range stated in this standard during the detection, but can also meet requirements on the project security and functions of use.
2.0.4 Repair Project
Projects that haven't been on the side of reworking and can meet requirements on the conformity after the repair.
2.0.5 Site Sampling Inspection
The sampling inspection carried out on the materials, semi-finished products of the materials or the thermal insulating structures that have been constructed.
2.0.6 Visual Check
The check to judge whether the checked objects have met provisions in the standard by the visual feeling of human and combining the practice.
2.0.7 Hand Check
Checks to find the fastness degree of the hooked nails, dowels and workpieces by breaking them off with fingers and thumbs.
2.0.8 Hammer Test
The test carried out to check the fastness degree between the welding positions of the backup pieces and other interconnecting pieces and the workpieces by the 0.25kg hand hammers' kicking.
2.0.9 Hand-power Check
The checks to make sure the compaction of the thermal insulating ropes and tapes that are enwound or packed by the hand power.
2.0.10 Needling Check
Checks by the straight needles with the length greater than the thickness of the thermal insulating layers to check the thickness of the heat insulating layers.
2.0.11 Stick Check
Checks to find out whether there is clearance in the filling thermal insulating layer according to the sound by the wood stick knocking the external protective layer.
2.0.12 Installation Volume Weight
The actual volume weight (kg/m3) after the construction of the thermal insulating layer.
2.0.13 Anti-settling Layer
The load-carrying members installed according to certain spacing and made from the hard thermal insulating products when the thermal insulating layers are filled on the vertical-type equipment or the vertical pipelines.
2.0.14 Inner Lining Thermal Insulating Layer
In the dismountable structures, the thermal insulating layer clinging to the metal protective shell.
2.0.15 Cold Condition
The physical conditions that the thermal insulation structures haven't been put into use.
2.0.16 Drying Shrinkage
The degree of the dimensional change of the viscous materials in the air without any action from the external force and due to the evaporation of water.
2.0.17 Plasticity
The physical property of the viscous materials that have their shapes changed but not fracture under the action of the external force and that can't be restored to the original shape when the external force is removed.
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This standard is established to unify the inspection and evaluation methods of the thermal-insulating engineering quality of industrial equipment and pipelines, strengthen the technical management of the enterprise and ensure the engineering quality.
1.0.2 This Standard is applicable to the inspection and assessment of the external thermal insulating engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines with the media temperature greater than or equal to -196℃ and less than or equal to +850℃.
1.0.3 Main indicators and provisions in this standard are made according to the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Equipment and Pipeline Insulation Engineering (GBJ126-89) (hereinafter referred to as The Code).
1.0.4 Quality inspection work stated in this Standard shall be carried out in the construction process. The quality assessment work shall be carried out after the completion of the subdivisional work of the thermal insulation.
1.0.5 This Standard shall be applied combining with the current Unified Standard for Quality Inspection and Assessment of Industrial Erection Engineering.
1.0.6 The inspection and assessment of the thermal insulation engineering quality of the industrial equipment and pipelines shall meet relevant provisions in the current national standards besides this Standard.
2. Terms
2.0.1 Guarantee Items
Testing items that have dominating influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.2 Elementary Items
Testing items that have important influences on the project security, functions of use and the project quality.
2.0.3 Deviation-permissible Items
Testing items that permit the existence of check points to be out of tolerance within the proportion range stated in this standard during the detection, but can also meet requirements on the project security and functions of use.
2.0.4 Repair Project
Projects that haven't been on the side of reworking and can meet requirements on the conformity after the repair.
2.0.5 Site Sampling Inspection
The sampling inspection carried out on the materials, semi-finished products of the materials or the thermal insulating structures that have been constructed.
2.0.6 Visual Check
The check to judge whether the checked objects have met provisions in the standard by the visual feeling of human and combining the practice.
2.0.7 Hand Check
Checks to find the fastness degree of the hooked nails, dowels and workpieces by breaking them off with fingers and thumbs.
2.0.8 Hammer Test
The test carried out to check the fastness degree between the welding positions of the backup pieces and other interconnecting pieces and the workpieces by the 0.25kg hand hammers' kicking.
2.0.9 Hand-power Check
The checks to make sure the compaction of the thermal insulating ropes and tapes that are enwound or packed by the hand power.
2.0.10 Needling Check
Checks by the straight needles with the length greater than the thickness of the thermal insulating layers to check the thickness of the heat insulating layers.
2.0.11 Stick Check
Checks to find out whether there is clearance in the filling thermal insulating layer according to the sound by the wood stick knocking the external protective layer.
2.0.12 Installation Volume Weight
The actual volume weight (kg/m3) after the construction of the thermal insulating layer.
2.0.13 Anti-settling Layer
The load-carrying members installed according to certain spacing and made from the hard thermal insulating products when the thermal insulating layers are filled on the vertical-type equipment or the vertical pipelines.
2.0.14 Inner Lining Thermal Insulating Layer
In the dismountable structures, the thermal insulating layer clinging to the metal protective shell.
2.0.15 Cold Condition
The physical conditions that the thermal insulation structures haven't been put into use.
2.0.16 Drying Shrinkage
The degree of the dimensional change of the viscous materials in the air without any action from the external force and due to the evaporation of water.
2.0.17 Plasticity
The physical property of the viscous materials that have their shapes changed but not fracture under the action of the external force and that can't be restored to the original shape when the external force is removed.
GBT 119.2-2000 圆柱销 淬硬钢和马氏体不锈钢 英文版
GBT 119.2-2000 圆柱销 淬硬钢和马氏体不锈钢 英文版
1 Scope
This standard specifies parallel pins with nominal diameter d=1-20 mm, tolerance is m6, material is steel: Grade A (ordinary quenching) and Grade B (surface hardening) as well as of martensitic stainless steel.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. At time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below.
GB/T 90—1985 Acceptance Inspection, Marking and Packing of Fasteners (eqv ISO 3269: 1984)
GB/T 1237—2000 Designation System for Fasteners (eqv ISO 8991: 1986)
GB/T 3098.6—2000 Mechanical Properties of Corrosion-resistant Stainless-steel Fasteners-Part 1: Bolts, Screws and Studs (idt ISO 3506-1: 1997)
GB/T 5267—1985 Electroplated Coatings on Threaded Fasteners
GB/T 11376—1997 Phosphate Conversion Coatings for Metals (eqv ISO 9717: 1990)
3 Dimensions
1 Scope
This standard specifies parallel pins with nominal diameter d=1-20 mm, tolerance is m6, material is steel: Grade A (ordinary quenching) and Grade B (surface hardening) as well as of martensitic stainless steel.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. At time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below.
GB/T 90—1985 Acceptance Inspection, Marking and Packing of Fasteners (eqv ISO 3269: 1984)
GB/T 1237—2000 Designation System for Fasteners (eqv ISO 8991: 1986)
GB/T 3098.6—2000 Mechanical Properties of Corrosion-resistant Stainless-steel Fasteners-Part 1: Bolts, Screws and Studs (idt ISO 3506-1: 1997)
GB/T 5267—1985 Electroplated Coatings on Threaded Fasteners
GB/T 11376—1997 Phosphate Conversion Coatings for Metals (eqv ISO 9717: 1990)
3 Dimensions
GBT 222-2006 钢的成品化学成分允许偏差 英文版
GBT 222-2006 钢的成品化学成分允许偏差 英文版
1. Scope
This standard prescribes permissible tolerances of chemical composition of finished unalloy steel (excluding boiling steel), low alloy steel and alloy steel products versus threshold value of melted chemical composition, as well as relevant terms and definitions.
2. Terms and Definitions
This following terms and definitions are applicable to this standard.
2.1 Heat (or cast/ladle) analysis
It refers to a procedure that taking ingot sample during molten steel casting to make test sample and then carrying out chemical analysis. The analytic result refers to average chemical composition of molten steel of the same batch.
2.2 Product analysis
Product analysis refers to take sample from processed finished steel product (including steel feed) and then to analyze its chemical composition. Product analysis is mainly used to check chemical composition, and it is also called check analysis. Due to the fact that molten steel is distributed unevenly (segregation) during crystallization, composition value of product analysis is different from composition value of heat analysis sometimes.
2.3 Permissible tolerances for product analysis
It refers to that although composition value of heat analysis is within the exceed composition threshold value specified in standards due to segregation of steel composition. A permissible value is specified for the degree exceeding the threshold value, and the permissible value is the permissible tolerance for product analysis.
3. Sampling and Sample-making Methods for Product Analysis
1. Scope
This standard prescribes permissible tolerances of chemical composition of finished unalloy steel (excluding boiling steel), low alloy steel and alloy steel products versus threshold value of melted chemical composition, as well as relevant terms and definitions.
2. Terms and Definitions
This following terms and definitions are applicable to this standard.
2.1 Heat (or cast/ladle) analysis
It refers to a procedure that taking ingot sample during molten steel casting to make test sample and then carrying out chemical analysis. The analytic result refers to average chemical composition of molten steel of the same batch.
2.2 Product analysis
Product analysis refers to take sample from processed finished steel product (including steel feed) and then to analyze its chemical composition. Product analysis is mainly used to check chemical composition, and it is also called check analysis. Due to the fact that molten steel is distributed unevenly (segregation) during crystallization, composition value of product analysis is different from composition value of heat analysis sometimes.
2.3 Permissible tolerances for product analysis
It refers to that although composition value of heat analysis is within the exceed composition threshold value specified in standards due to segregation of steel composition. A permissible value is specified for the degree exceeding the threshold value, and the permissible value is the permissible tolerance for product analysis.
3. Sampling and Sample-making Methods for Product Analysis
GBT 601-2002 化学试剂 标准滴定溶液的制备 英文版
GBT 601-2002 化学试剂 标准滴定溶液的制备 英文版
Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Volumetric Solutions
1. Application Scope
The standard specifies the preparation and calibration method of chemical reagent standard volumetric solution.
The standard is applicable to prepare standard volumetric solution with accurate concentration, to measure purity and impurity content of chemical reagent with titration method. The standard can also be adopted by other industries.
2. Normative Reference
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. The following normative documents contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 603-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Reagent Solutions for Use in Test Methods
GB/T 606-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Method for the Determination of Water - Karl Fischer Method (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
GB/T6682-1992 Water for Laboratory Use - Specifications (neq ISO 3696:1987)
GB/T 9725-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Rules for Potentiometric Titration (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
3 General Provisions
3.1 Unless otherwise specified herein, all chemical reagent purity should exceed the analytic purity, and all applied reagent and manufactured product should be prepared according to relevant provisions in GB/T 603-2002, and the tested water should conform to the water specifications required in GB/T 682-1992.
Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Volumetric Solutions
1. Application Scope
The standard specifies the preparation and calibration method of chemical reagent standard volumetric solution.
The standard is applicable to prepare standard volumetric solution with accurate concentration, to measure purity and impurity content of chemical reagent with titration method. The standard can also be adopted by other industries.
2. Normative Reference
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. The following normative documents contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 603-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Reagent Solutions for Use in Test Methods
GB/T 606-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Method for the Determination of Water - Karl Fischer Method (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
GB/T6682-1992 Water for Laboratory Use - Specifications (neq ISO 3696:1987)
GB/T 9725-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Rules for Potentiometric Titration (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
3 General Provisions
3.1 Unless otherwise specified herein, all chemical reagent purity should exceed the analytic purity, and all applied reagent and manufactured product should be prepared according to relevant provisions in GB/T 603-2002, and the tested water should conform to the water specifications required in GB/T 682-1992.
GBT 603-2002 化学试剂 试验方法中所用制剂及制品的制备 英文版
GBT 603-2002 化学试剂 试验方法中所用制剂及制品的制备 英文版
Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Reagent Solutions for Use in Test Methods
1. Scope
This standard regulates method for preparation of reagent solution for use in test method.
This standard is applicable to preparation of reagent and substance used for analysis on chemical reagent, and it can also be used by other industries.
2. Normative References
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content)to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 601-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Volumetric Solutions
GB/T602-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Solutions for Impurity
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (neq ISO 3696:1987)
GB/T9733-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Reagent Solutions for Use in Test Methods
1. Scope
This standard regulates method for preparation of reagent solution for use in test method.
This standard is applicable to preparation of reagent and substance used for analysis on chemical reagent, and it can also be used by other industries.
2. Normative References
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content)to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 601-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Volumetric Solutions
GB/T602-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Solutions for Impurity
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (neq ISO 3696:1987)
GB/T9733-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
GBT 603-2002 化学试剂 试验方法中所用制剂及制品的制备 英文版
GBT 603-2002 化学试剂 试验方法中所用制剂及制品的制备 英文版
Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Reagent Solutions for Use in Test Methods
1. Scope
This standard regulates method for preparation of reagent solution for use in test method.
This standard is applicable to preparation of reagent and substance used for analysis on chemical reagent, and it can also be used by other industries.
2. Normative References
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content)to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 601-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Volumetric Solutions
GB/T602-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Solutions for Impurity
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (neq ISO 3696:1987)
GB/T9733-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Reagent Solutions for Use in Test Methods
1. Scope
This standard regulates method for preparation of reagent solution for use in test method.
This standard is applicable to preparation of reagent and substance used for analysis on chemical reagent, and it can also be used by other industries.
2. Normative References
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content)to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 601-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Volumetric Solutions
GB/T602-2002 Chemical Reagent - Preparations of Standard Solutions for Impurity
GB/T 6682-1992 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods (neq ISO 3696:1987)
GB/T9733-1988 Chemical Reagent - General Method for the Determination of Carbonyl Compounds (eqv ISO 6353-1:1982)
GBT 714-2000 桥梁用结构钢 英文版
GBT 714-2000 桥梁用结构钢 英文版
1 Scope
This national standard specifies the dimension, shape, weight and weight tolerance, specification, testing method, test rules, packaging, marks and quality certificate of structural steel for bridge.
This national standard is applicable to steel plate for bridge construction and forged steel.
2 Normative Standards
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. At time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All the following standards will be amended, and the applying parties of this standard should discuss the possibility to use the latest edition.
GB/T222-1984 Method of Sampling Steel for Determination of Chemical Composition and Permissible Variations for Product Analysis
GB/T23.5-1997 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, steel And Alloy The Reduced Molybdosilicate Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Acid-soluble Silicon Content
GB/T223.12-1991 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy- the Sodium Carbonate Separation-diphenyl Carbazide Photometric Method for the Determination of Chromium Content
GB/T 223.19-1989 Methods for Chemical Analysis Of Iron Steel and Alloy-The Neocuproine-chloroform Extraction Photometric Method for the Determination of Copper Content
GB/T 223.23-1994 Methods for Chemical Analysis Of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Dimethylglyoxime Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel Content
GB/T223.62-1988 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Butyl Acetate Extraction Photometric Method for the Determination of Phosphorus Content
GB/T 223.63-1998 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Sodium (potassium) Periodate Photometric Method for the Determination of Manganese Content
GB/T23.67 - 1989 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy- The Reducing Distillation- methylene Blue Photometric Method for the Determination of Sulfur Content
GB/T 223.68-1997 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, steel and Alloy-The Potassium Iodate Titration Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for the Determination of Sulfur Content
GB/T 223.69-1997 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Gas- Volumetric Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for the Determination of Carbon Content
GB/T228-1987 Metal Tensile Test
GB/T229-1994 Metallic Materials-Charpy Notch Impact Test
GB/T232-1999 Metallic Materials Bend Test
GB/T247-1997 General Rule of Acceptance, Package, Mark and Certification for Steel Plates (sheets) and Strips
GB/T706-1988 Hot-rolled Beam Steel-Dimensions, Shape, weight and Tolerance
GB/T707-1988 Hot-rolled Channel Steel-Dimensions, Shape, weight and Tolerance
GB/T709-1988 Dimension, Shape, weight and Tolerances for Hot-rolled Steel Plates and Sheets
GB 2103 General Provisions for Checking, Packing, Marking and Quality Certification of Steel Wire
GB/T2970-1991 Ultrasonic Test for Medium and Thick Steel Plates
GB/T2975-1998 Steel and Steel Products--Location and Preparation of Test Pieces for Mechanical Testing
GB/T4336-1984 Method for Photoelectric Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Carbon Steel Medium and Low Alloy Steel
GB/T6397-1986 Metallic Materials - Test Pieces for Tensile Testing
GB/T17505-1998 Steel and Steel Products - General Technical Delivery Requirements
1 Scope
This national standard specifies the dimension, shape, weight and weight tolerance, specification, testing method, test rules, packaging, marks and quality certificate of structural steel for bridge.
This national standard is applicable to steel plate for bridge construction and forged steel.
2 Normative Standards
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. At time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All the following standards will be amended, and the applying parties of this standard should discuss the possibility to use the latest edition.
GB/T222-1984 Method of Sampling Steel for Determination of Chemical Composition and Permissible Variations for Product Analysis
GB/T23.5-1997 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, steel And Alloy The Reduced Molybdosilicate Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Acid-soluble Silicon Content
GB/T223.12-1991 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy- the Sodium Carbonate Separation-diphenyl Carbazide Photometric Method for the Determination of Chromium Content
GB/T 223.19-1989 Methods for Chemical Analysis Of Iron Steel and Alloy-The Neocuproine-chloroform Extraction Photometric Method for the Determination of Copper Content
GB/T 223.23-1994 Methods for Chemical Analysis Of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Dimethylglyoxime Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel Content
GB/T223.62-1988 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Butyl Acetate Extraction Photometric Method for the Determination of Phosphorus Content
GB/T 223.63-1998 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Sodium (potassium) Periodate Photometric Method for the Determination of Manganese Content
GB/T23.67 - 1989 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy- The Reducing Distillation- methylene Blue Photometric Method for the Determination of Sulfur Content
GB/T 223.68-1997 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, steel and Alloy-The Potassium Iodate Titration Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for the Determination of Sulfur Content
GB/T 223.69-1997 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Gas- Volumetric Method after Combustion in the Pipe Furnace for the Determination of Carbon Content
GB/T228-1987 Metal Tensile Test
GB/T229-1994 Metallic Materials-Charpy Notch Impact Test
GB/T232-1999 Metallic Materials Bend Test
GB/T247-1997 General Rule of Acceptance, Package, Mark and Certification for Steel Plates (sheets) and Strips
GB/T706-1988 Hot-rolled Beam Steel-Dimensions, Shape, weight and Tolerance
GB/T707-1988 Hot-rolled Channel Steel-Dimensions, Shape, weight and Tolerance
GB/T709-1988 Dimension, Shape, weight and Tolerances for Hot-rolled Steel Plates and Sheets
GB 2103 General Provisions for Checking, Packing, Marking and Quality Certification of Steel Wire
GB/T2970-1991 Ultrasonic Test for Medium and Thick Steel Plates
GB/T2975-1998 Steel and Steel Products--Location and Preparation of Test Pieces for Mechanical Testing
GB/T4336-1984 Method for Photoelectric Emission Spectroscopic Analysis of Carbon Steel Medium and Low Alloy Steel
GB/T6397-1986 Metallic Materials - Test Pieces for Tensile Testing
GB/T17505-1998 Steel and Steel Products - General Technical Delivery Requirements
GBT 15469-1995 反击式水轮机空蚀评定 英文版
GBT 15469-1995 反击式水轮机空蚀评定 英文版
GBT 15469-1995 反击式水轮机空蚀评定 英文版
1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies evaluation condition, measuring method and evaluation method of hydraulic turbine cavitation pitting, and also offers guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting.
This standard is applicable to reaction hydraulic turbine whose single-machine capacity is larger than 10 MW or whose mixed-flow runner nominal diameter is larger than or equal to 1m, axial flow runner nominal diameter is larger than or equal to 2m. It also can be taken as reference for hydraulic turbine whose capacity or diameter is less than aforesaid values.
For hydraulic turbine whose mixed-flow runner nominal diameter is larger than 6 m and axial flow runner nominal diameter is larger than 8m, its guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting can be determined separately by referring to this standard.
Hydraulic turbine may influence power, efficiency, vibration and noise of assembling unit because of cavitation, and that situation doesn't belong to scope of this evaluation.
2 Terms, signs and unit
2.1 Cavitation ("cavitation corrosion" is used in the past)
It is generic term of the situations when local pressure in flow channel drops down to critical pressure (generally approaches to evaporating pressure), gas nucleus grows into bleb and blebs accumulate, flow, split and collapse.
2.2 Cavitation pitting ("cavitation damage" is used in the past)
It refers to overflowing assembly material damages caused by cavitation
2.3 Cavitation pitting guarantee duration of operation
It refers to useful-life for amount of hydraulic turbine cavitation pitting guaranteed by supply side.
2.4 Reference duration of operation (tr)
It refers to operation duration of guaranteed amount of hydraulic turbine cavitation pitting, and it is specified as 8000 h in this standard.
2.5 Actual duration of operation (ta)
It refers to duration of actual operation from hydraulic turbine being brought into service to inspecting its cavitation pitting.
2.6 Upper turbine power limit for normal continuous operation (Pcu)
It refers to maximum guaranteed power value that hydraulic turbine is allowed to continuously operate at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation. (Unit: MW).
2.7 Lower turbine power limit for normal continuous operation (Pcl)
It refers to minimum guaranteed power value that hydraulic turbine is allowed to continuously operate at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation. (Unit: MW).
2.8 Upper turbine power limit for temporary abnormal operation (Ptu)
It refers to maximum power for temporary abnormal operation at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation when hydraulic turbine works above upper power limit for normal operation (Unit: MW).
2.9 Lower turbine power limit for temporary abnormal operation (Ptl)
It refers to minimum power for temporary abnormal operation at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation when hydraulic turbine works with power below lower power limit for normal operation. (Unit: MW).
2.10 Turbine normal operating range
It refers to operational area between upper turbine power limit and lower power limit for normal continuous operation. (Refer to figure 1)
2.11 High turbine load abnormal operating range
It refers to operational area between upper turbine power limit for normal continuous operation and maximum power capability. (Refer to figure 1)
2.12 Low turbine load abnormal operating range
Operational area between lower turbine power limit for normal continuous operation and no-load (refer to figure 1).
Figure 1 Sketch map of hydraulic turbine operational areas
2.13 Depth of cavitation pitted area (h)
Depth of cavitation pitting measured from original surface of base material (Unit: mm).
2.14 Cavitation pitting area (A)
Area damaged by cavitation pitting measured according to specification (Unit: cm2).
2.15 Cavitation pitting volume (V)
Volume of material removed by cavitation pitting (Unit: cm3)
2.16 Cavitation pitting mass (m)
Mass of material removed by cavitation pitting (Unit: kg),
2.17 Amount of cavitation pitting (C)
Actually measured cavitation pitting mass, depth or area (Unit: kg, mm, cm2)
2.18 Guaranteed limit of the amount of cavitation pitting (Cr)
It refers to mass, depth, or area of cavitation pitting which shall be guaranteed according to reference duration of operation. (Unit: kg, mm, cm2).
2.19 Corrected guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting (Ca)
It refers to guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting corrected according to actual runtime (Unit: kg, mm, cm2).
2.20 Guaranteed coefficient of material mass loss by cavitation pitting (Km)
It refers to cavitation pitting mass when turbine runner nominal diameter is 1 m and operates for 8000h.
2.21 Guaranteed depth coefficient of cavitation pitting (Kh)
It refers to maximum depth of cavitation pitting when turbine runner nominal diameter is 1 m and operates for 8000h.
2.22 Guaranteed area coefficient of cavitation pitting (KA)
It refers to cavitation pitting area when turbine runner nominal diameter is 1m and operates for 8000h.
2.23 Runner nominal diameter (D)
It refers to exit diameter of runner blade for mixed flow turbine; for axial flow, diagonal flow and straight-flow turbine, it refers to inside diameter of runner chamber which intersects with runner blade axle center (Unit: m).
2.24 Suction head (Hs)
It refers to height difference from cavitation reference plane to tail water elevation, as specified for hydraulic turbine (Unit: m).
GBT 15469-1995 反击式水轮机空蚀评定 英文版
1 Subject content and scope of application
This standard specifies evaluation condition, measuring method and evaluation method of hydraulic turbine cavitation pitting, and also offers guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting.
This standard is applicable to reaction hydraulic turbine whose single-machine capacity is larger than 10 MW or whose mixed-flow runner nominal diameter is larger than or equal to 1m, axial flow runner nominal diameter is larger than or equal to 2m. It also can be taken as reference for hydraulic turbine whose capacity or diameter is less than aforesaid values.
For hydraulic turbine whose mixed-flow runner nominal diameter is larger than 6 m and axial flow runner nominal diameter is larger than 8m, its guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting can be determined separately by referring to this standard.
Hydraulic turbine may influence power, efficiency, vibration and noise of assembling unit because of cavitation, and that situation doesn't belong to scope of this evaluation.
2 Terms, signs and unit
2.1 Cavitation ("cavitation corrosion" is used in the past)
It is generic term of the situations when local pressure in flow channel drops down to critical pressure (generally approaches to evaporating pressure), gas nucleus grows into bleb and blebs accumulate, flow, split and collapse.
2.2 Cavitation pitting ("cavitation damage" is used in the past)
It refers to overflowing assembly material damages caused by cavitation
2.3 Cavitation pitting guarantee duration of operation
It refers to useful-life for amount of hydraulic turbine cavitation pitting guaranteed by supply side.
2.4 Reference duration of operation (tr)
It refers to operation duration of guaranteed amount of hydraulic turbine cavitation pitting, and it is specified as 8000 h in this standard.
2.5 Actual duration of operation (ta)
It refers to duration of actual operation from hydraulic turbine being brought into service to inspecting its cavitation pitting.
2.6 Upper turbine power limit for normal continuous operation (Pcu)
It refers to maximum guaranteed power value that hydraulic turbine is allowed to continuously operate at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation. (Unit: MW).
2.7 Lower turbine power limit for normal continuous operation (Pcl)
It refers to minimum guaranteed power value that hydraulic turbine is allowed to continuously operate at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation. (Unit: MW).
2.8 Upper turbine power limit for temporary abnormal operation (Ptu)
It refers to maximum power for temporary abnormal operation at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation when hydraulic turbine works above upper power limit for normal operation (Unit: MW).
2.9 Lower turbine power limit for temporary abnormal operation (Ptl)
It refers to minimum power for temporary abnormal operation at each delivery head and relevant permissible tail water elevation when hydraulic turbine works with power below lower power limit for normal operation. (Unit: MW).
2.10 Turbine normal operating range
It refers to operational area between upper turbine power limit and lower power limit for normal continuous operation. (Refer to figure 1)
2.11 High turbine load abnormal operating range
It refers to operational area between upper turbine power limit for normal continuous operation and maximum power capability. (Refer to figure 1)
2.12 Low turbine load abnormal operating range
Operational area between lower turbine power limit for normal continuous operation and no-load (refer to figure 1).
Figure 1 Sketch map of hydraulic turbine operational areas
2.13 Depth of cavitation pitted area (h)
Depth of cavitation pitting measured from original surface of base material (Unit: mm).
2.14 Cavitation pitting area (A)
Area damaged by cavitation pitting measured according to specification (Unit: cm2).
2.15 Cavitation pitting volume (V)
Volume of material removed by cavitation pitting (Unit: cm3)
2.16 Cavitation pitting mass (m)
Mass of material removed by cavitation pitting (Unit: kg),
2.17 Amount of cavitation pitting (C)
Actually measured cavitation pitting mass, depth or area (Unit: kg, mm, cm2)
2.18 Guaranteed limit of the amount of cavitation pitting (Cr)
It refers to mass, depth, or area of cavitation pitting which shall be guaranteed according to reference duration of operation. (Unit: kg, mm, cm2).
2.19 Corrected guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting (Ca)
It refers to guaranteed amount of cavitation pitting corrected according to actual runtime (Unit: kg, mm, cm2).
2.20 Guaranteed coefficient of material mass loss by cavitation pitting (Km)
It refers to cavitation pitting mass when turbine runner nominal diameter is 1 m and operates for 8000h.
2.21 Guaranteed depth coefficient of cavitation pitting (Kh)
It refers to maximum depth of cavitation pitting when turbine runner nominal diameter is 1 m and operates for 8000h.
2.22 Guaranteed area coefficient of cavitation pitting (KA)
It refers to cavitation pitting area when turbine runner nominal diameter is 1m and operates for 8000h.
2.23 Runner nominal diameter (D)
It refers to exit diameter of runner blade for mixed flow turbine; for axial flow, diagonal flow and straight-flow turbine, it refers to inside diameter of runner chamber which intersects with runner blade axle center (Unit: m).
2.24 Suction head (Hs)
It refers to height difference from cavitation reference plane to tail water elevation, as specified for hydraulic turbine (Unit: m).
GBT 19418-2003 钢的弧焊接头缺陷质量分级指南 英文版
GBT 19418-2003 钢的弧焊接头缺陷质量分级指南 英文版
1 Scope
This standard stipulates the quality levels for imperfections of arc-welded joints in steel. These levels are related to products manufacturing quality, but not related to their applicability (see 3.1).
This standard is applicable to:
According to welding method and their technology sorts specified in GB/T5185:
11 Metal arc welding without gas shield;
12 Submerged arc welding;
13 Gas shielded arc welding;
14 Non-gas shielded metal arc welding;
15 Plasma arc-welding;
——handiwork, mechanization, and automation welding method;
——all the welding positions;
——butt weld, fillet weld and branch joint;
——steels with thickness scope within 3-63 mm
This standard is not considering metallurgy factors, such as grain size and hardness.
2 Normative documents
The following normative documents contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excluding corrigendum content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, it is encouraged for the parties using the latest edition of these documents who come to an agreement by referring to this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 324 Welds-symbolic representation on drawings (eqv ISO 2553)
GB/T 3375 Welding terminology
GB/T 5185 Welding, brazing, braze welding and soldering of metals; List of processes for symbolic representation on drawings (eqv ISO 4063)
GB/T 6417 Classification of imperfections in metallic fusion welds, with explanations (eqv ISO 6520)
1 Scope
This standard stipulates the quality levels for imperfections of arc-welded joints in steel. These levels are related to products manufacturing quality, but not related to their applicability (see 3.1).
This standard is applicable to:
According to welding method and their technology sorts specified in GB/T5185:
11 Metal arc welding without gas shield;
12 Submerged arc welding;
13 Gas shielded arc welding;
14 Non-gas shielded metal arc welding;
15 Plasma arc-welding;
——handiwork, mechanization, and automation welding method;
——all the welding positions;
——butt weld, fillet weld and branch joint;
——steels with thickness scope within 3-63 mm
This standard is not considering metallurgy factors, such as grain size and hardness.
2 Normative documents
The following normative documents contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this national standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excluding corrigendum content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, it is encouraged for the parties using the latest edition of these documents who come to an agreement by referring to this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 324 Welds-symbolic representation on drawings (eqv ISO 2553)
GB/T 3375 Welding terminology
GB/T 5185 Welding, brazing, braze welding and soldering of metals; List of processes for symbolic representation on drawings (eqv ISO 4063)
GB/T 6417 Classification of imperfections in metallic fusion welds, with explanations (eqv ISO 6520)
GBT 19685-2005 预应力钢筒混凝土管 英文版
GBT 19685-2005 预应力钢筒混凝土管 英文版
1. Scope
The standard specifies contents such as terms, main symbols, classification, requirement, test method, inspection rules, mark, transportation, storage, usage specification and merchandise certificate related to prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (including fittings and special pipe).
This standard is applicable to prestressed concrete cylinder pipe which nominal bore is 400 mm-4000 mm, pipeline operation pressure does not exceed 2.0 MPa, and covering depth is not greater than 10m. When pipelines, which parameters exceed specifications of this standard, need manufacturing, the manufacturing process could refer to this standard.
Pipes that are manufactured in accordance with this standard can be used in municipal water supply and drain main pipe, industrial waterline, irrigation, factory pipe network, power plant make-up pipe and cooling water circulation system, inverted siphon, pressure tunnel pipeline, deep soil covering culvert pipe and so on.
2. Normative References
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to apply in the standard.
GB 175 Portland Cement and Ordinary Portland Cement
GB/T 228 Metallic Materials Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature
GB/T 699 Quality Carbon Structure Steel
GB 700 Carbon Structural Steels
GB 748 Sulfate Resistance Portland cement
GB 912 Hot-rolled Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Structural Steel Sheets and Strips
GB 134 Portland Blastfurnace-slag Cement, Portland Pozzolana Cement and Portland Fly-ash Cement
GB 1499 Hot Rolled Ribbed Bars for the Renforcement of Concrete
GB/T 1499.3-2002 Welded Steel Fabric for the Reinforcement of Concrete
GB 1596-1991 Fly Ash Used for Cement and Concrete
GB/T 2649 Methods of Sampling for Mechanical Properties Tests of Welded Joint
GB 3274 Hot-rolled Plates and Strips of Carbon Structural Steels and High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steels
GB/T 5223-2002 Steel Wires for Prestressed Concrete
GB 8076 Concrete Admixture
GB 11253 Cold-rolled Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Structural Steel Sheets and Strips
GB 13788 Cold Rolled Ribbed Steel Wires and Bars
GB/T 14684 Sand for Building
GB/T Pebble and Crushed Stone for Building
GB/T Test Methods of Concrete Pipes for Water Transmission
GB/T 16752 Test Methods of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Drainage and Sewer Pipes
GB 50046-1995 Code for Anticorrosion Design of Industrial Construction
GB/T 50081-2002 Standard for Test Method of Mechanical Properties on Ordinary Concrete
GB 50119 Code for Utility Technical of Concrete Admixture
GB 50204 Code for Acceptance of Constructional Quality of Concrete Structures
GB 50212 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Furnaces Building
GB 50224-1995 Standard for Inspection and Evaluation of Anticorrosive Engineering Quality of Buildings
GB 50236 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Field Equipment, Industrial Pipe Welding Engineering
GB 50268 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Water Supply and Sewerage Pipelines
GB 50332-2002 Structural Design Code for Pipelines of Water Supply and Waste Water Engineering
GBJ 107-1987 Standard for Test and Evaluation of Concrete Compression Strength
DL 5017 Specifications for Manufacture Installation and Acceptance of Steel Penstocks
JGJ 63 Standard for Water of Mixing in Concrete
JGJ 55 Specification for Mix Proportion Design of Ordinary Concrete
JC/T 748-1987(1996) Rubber Gasket Rung of Prestressed and Self-stressing Concrete Pipe
JC/T 749-1987(1996) Standard Methods of Testing Rubber Gasket Rung of Prestressed and Self-stressing Concrete Pipe
CECS 140:2002 Specification for Structural Design of Buried Prestressed Concrete Pipeline of Water Supply and Sewerage Engineerung
CECS 141:2002 Specification for Structural Design of Buried Steel Pipeline of Water Supply and Sewerage Engineerung
3. Terms and Main Symbols
1. Scope
The standard specifies contents such as terms, main symbols, classification, requirement, test method, inspection rules, mark, transportation, storage, usage specification and merchandise certificate related to prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (including fittings and special pipe).
This standard is applicable to prestressed concrete cylinder pipe which nominal bore is 400 mm-4000 mm, pipeline operation pressure does not exceed 2.0 MPa, and covering depth is not greater than 10m. When pipelines, which parameters exceed specifications of this standard, need manufacturing, the manufacturing process could refer to this standard.
Pipes that are manufactured in accordance with this standard can be used in municipal water supply and drain main pipe, industrial waterline, irrigation, factory pipe network, power plant make-up pipe and cooling water circulation system, inverted siphon, pressure tunnel pipeline, deep soil covering culvert pipe and so on.
2. Normative References
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to apply in the standard.
GB 175 Portland Cement and Ordinary Portland Cement
GB/T 228 Metallic Materials Tensile Testing at Ambient Temperature
GB/T 699 Quality Carbon Structure Steel
GB 700 Carbon Structural Steels
GB 748 Sulfate Resistance Portland cement
GB 912 Hot-rolled Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Structural Steel Sheets and Strips
GB 134 Portland Blastfurnace-slag Cement, Portland Pozzolana Cement and Portland Fly-ash Cement
GB 1499 Hot Rolled Ribbed Bars for the Renforcement of Concrete
GB/T 1499.3-2002 Welded Steel Fabric for the Reinforcement of Concrete
GB 1596-1991 Fly Ash Used for Cement and Concrete
GB/T 2649 Methods of Sampling for Mechanical Properties Tests of Welded Joint
GB 3274 Hot-rolled Plates and Strips of Carbon Structural Steels and High Strength Low Alloy Structural Steels
GB/T 5223-2002 Steel Wires for Prestressed Concrete
GB 8076 Concrete Admixture
GB 11253 Cold-rolled Plain Carbon and Low Alloy Structural Steel Sheets and Strips
GB 13788 Cold Rolled Ribbed Steel Wires and Bars
GB/T 14684 Sand for Building
GB/T Pebble and Crushed Stone for Building
GB/T Test Methods of Concrete Pipes for Water Transmission
GB/T 16752 Test Methods of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Drainage and Sewer Pipes
GB 50046-1995 Code for Anticorrosion Design of Industrial Construction
GB/T 50081-2002 Standard for Test Method of Mechanical Properties on Ordinary Concrete
GB 50119 Code for Utility Technical of Concrete Admixture
GB 50204 Code for Acceptance of Constructional Quality of Concrete Structures
GB 50212 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Furnaces Building
GB 50224-1995 Standard for Inspection and Evaluation of Anticorrosive Engineering Quality of Buildings
GB 50236 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Field Equipment, Industrial Pipe Welding Engineering
GB 50268 Code for Construction and Acceptance of Water Supply and Sewerage Pipelines
GB 50332-2002 Structural Design Code for Pipelines of Water Supply and Waste Water Engineering
GBJ 107-1987 Standard for Test and Evaluation of Concrete Compression Strength
DL 5017 Specifications for Manufacture Installation and Acceptance of Steel Penstocks
JGJ 63 Standard for Water of Mixing in Concrete
JGJ 55 Specification for Mix Proportion Design of Ordinary Concrete
JC/T 748-1987(1996) Rubber Gasket Rung of Prestressed and Self-stressing Concrete Pipe
JC/T 749-1987(1996) Standard Methods of Testing Rubber Gasket Rung of Prestressed and Self-stressing Concrete Pipe
CECS 140:2002 Specification for Structural Design of Buried Prestressed Concrete Pipeline of Water Supply and Sewerage Engineerung
CECS 141:2002 Specification for Structural Design of Buried Steel Pipeline of Water Supply and Sewerage Engineerung
3. Terms and Main Symbols
GBT 1596-2005 用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰
GBT 1596-2005 用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰
GBT 1596-2005 用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰
Fly Ash Used for Cement and Concrete
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definition, term, classification, specification, testing method, test rules, packaging, mark, batch No., transport and stock of fly ash used for cement and concrete.
This standard is applicable to fly ash used as blend in concrete and mortar mixing; and fly ash used as active admixture in cement making.
2 Normative Quotated Documents
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of (excluding corrigendum contents), any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 176 Method for Chemical Analysis of Cement (GB/T 176-1996, eqv. ISO 680: 1990)
GB/T 1346 Test Methods for Water Requirement of Normal Consistency, Setting Time and Soundness of the Portland Cements (GB/T 1346-2001, eqv ISO 9597: 1989)
GB/T 2419 Test Method for Fluidity of Cement Mortar
GB 6566 Limit of Radionuclides in Building Materials
GB 12573 Sampling Method of Cement
GB/T 17671-1999 Methods of Testing Cement Mortar Strength (ISO) (idt ISO 679: 1989))
GSB 08-1337 China ISO Standard Sand
GSB 14-1510 Standard Sample for Testing Cement Strength
GBT 1596-2005 用于水泥和混凝土中的粉煤灰
Fly Ash Used for Cement and Concrete
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definition, term, classification, specification, testing method, test rules, packaging, mark, batch No., transport and stock of fly ash used for cement and concrete.
This standard is applicable to fly ash used as blend in concrete and mortar mixing; and fly ash used as active admixture in cement making.
2 Normative Quotated Documents
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of (excluding corrigendum contents), any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 176 Method for Chemical Analysis of Cement (GB/T 176-1996, eqv. ISO 680: 1990)
GB/T 1346 Test Methods for Water Requirement of Normal Consistency, Setting Time and Soundness of the Portland Cements (GB/T 1346-2001, eqv ISO 9597: 1989)
GB/T 2419 Test Method for Fluidity of Cement Mortar
GB 6566 Limit of Radionuclides in Building Materials
GB 12573 Sampling Method of Cement
GB/T 17671-1999 Methods of Testing Cement Mortar Strength (ISO) (idt ISO 679: 1989))
GSB 08-1337 China ISO Standard Sand
GSB 14-1510 Standard Sample for Testing Cement Strength
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